{"id":2764,"date":"2025-06-16T23:52:36","date_gmt":"2025-06-16T23:52:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.backerinlaw.com\/Site\/?page_id=2764"},"modified":"2025-07-20T14:20:00","modified_gmt":"2025-07-20T14:20:00","slug":"larry-cata-backer","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.backerinlaw.com\/Site\/larry-cata-backer\/","title":{"rendered":"Larry Cat\u00e1 Backer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Publications: Journal Articles <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Cuba and the Constitution of a Stable State of Misery: Ideology, Economic Policy, and Popular Discipline<\/em>, Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs 13(2):1-84 (2025). Access HERE<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Law and Social Credit in China: An Introduction, The China Review: An Interdisciplinary Journal on Greater China,<\/em> 24(3): 1-15 (Special Issue, 2024).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Imaginaries of Regulatory Spaces in an Age of Administrative Discretion: Social Credit \u2018in\u2019 or \u2018as\u2019 the Cage of Regulation of Socialist Legality<\/em>, The China Review: An Interdisciplinary Journal on Greater China 24(3):71-106 (Special Issue; 2024).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trust platforms: The digitalization of corporate governance and the transformation of trust in polycentric space<\/em>, Regulation & Governance 19(3):806-830 (2024); https:\/\/doi:10.1111\/rego.12614.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Algorithmic Law of Business and Human Rights: Constructing Private Transnational Law of Ratings, Social Credit and Accountability Measures<\/em>, 18(4) International Journal of Law in Context 1-21 (2022; Special Issue) with Matthew B. McQuilla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Robert Cover and International Law\u2014Narrative Nudges and Nomadic Nomos<\/em>, 37(4) Touro Law Review 2315-2364 (2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

‘Lawyers are not algorithms: Sustainability, corruption, and the role of the lawyer in institutional frameworks and corporate transactions<\/em><\/a>‘<\/em>, 23 Legal Ethics 4-23 (2021) DOI: 10.1080\/1460728x.2021.1979728.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Semiotics of Consent and the American Law Institute\u2019s Reform of the Model Penal Code\u2019s Sexual Assault Provisions<\/em><\/a>, <\/em>1(1) Undecidabilities and the Law: Coimbra Journal of Legal Studies 49-83 (2021).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Popular Participation in the Constitution of the Illiberal State\u2014An Empirical Study of Popular Engagement  and Constitutional Reform in Cuba and the Contours of Cuban Socialist Democracy 2.0,<\/em> 34(1) Emory International Law Review 183-276 (2020) (with Flora Sapio, and James Korman).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Popular Consultation and Referendum in the Making of Contemporary Cuban Socialist Democracy Practice and Constitutional Theory<\/em><\/a>,  <\/em>27(1) U. Mia. International Law Review 37-130 (2019)(with Flora Sapio).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Next Generation Law: Data Driven Governance and Accountability Based Regulatory Systems in the West, and Social Credit Regimes in China<\/em> 28(1) USC Interdisciplinary Law Journal 123-172 (2018).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chinese Strategies to Combat Corporate Corruption: From a \u201cTwo Thrust Approach\u201d to a \u201cTwo Swords One Thrust Strategy\u201d of Compliance, Prosecutorial Discretion, and Sovereign Investor Oversight in China, <\/em>52(1) International Lawyer 1-45 (2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bc4\u5f3a\u4e16\u529f\u6559\u6388\u300a\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2<\/em> <\/em>\u2014\u4ece\u515a\u7684\u5341\u4e5d\u5927\u62a5\u544a\u89e3\u8bfb\u201c\u4e60\u8fd1\u5e73\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u300b\u4e00\u6587<\/em> [A New Analytics for a New Era: Reflections on Jiang Shigong on \u2018Philosophy and History: Interpreting the \u201cXi Jinping Era\u201d through Xi\u2019s Report to the Nineteenth National Congress of the CCP\u2019] \u8bd1\u8005\uff1a\u6234\u82d7\u5f3a [Miaoqiang Dai translator]; 2018 \u5f00\u653e\u65f6\u4ee3 [Open Times] —  \u5e7f\u5dde\u5e02\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662 [Guangzhou Academy of Social Sciences] ( 2018).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chinese Constitutionalism in the \u2018New Era\u2019: The Emerging Idea and Practice of Constitution in the Wake of Xi Jinping\u2019s Report to the 19th<\/sup> Chinese Communist Party, <\/em>Connecticut Journal of International Law 33(2):163-213 (2018).   <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6d4b\u5ea6\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u5956\u52b1\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u897f\u65b9\u5efa\u7acb\u793e\u4f1a\u4fe1\u7528\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff1f<\/em><\/a>(Cutting-edge measures, assessments, and rewards: The challenge of establishing a social credit system in China and the West<\/em>?), \u201c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u91d1\u878d\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8bc4\u8bba\uff08jiflsjtu\uff09\u201d\u5fae\u4fe1\u516c\u4f17\u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u524d\u6cbf\u680f\u76ee\u00b7\u7b2c\u4e09\u5b63\u7b2c21\u7bc7\uff08\u603b\u7b2c182\u7bc7\uff09.  (Shanghai Jiaotong University \u201cInternet Financial Law Review (jiflsjtu).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theorizing Regulatory Governance Within its Ecology: The Structure of Management in an Age of Globalization,<\/em> 24(5) Contemporary Politics 607-630 (Special Issue 2018).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u897f\u65b9\u53cd\u8150\u9886\u57df\u65b0\u4e3e\u63aa\uff0c\u4ece\u201c\u5404\u81ea\u4e3a\u653f\u201c\u5230\u201c\u4e00\u80a1\u5408\u529b\u201c<\/em>  58(2):17-30 \u5409\u6797\u5927\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5 — [Sword One Thrust Strategy\u201d to Combat Criminal Corruption: Corporate Compliance, Prosecutorial Discretion, and Sovereign Investor Oversight, <\/em> Jilin University Journal of Social Science] 58(2):17-30 (2018) (ISSN 0257-2834; DOI 10.15939\/j.jujsse.2018.02.fx2).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Between the Judge and the Law\u2014Judicial Independence and Authority with Chinese Characteristics,<\/em> 33(1) Connecticut Journal of International Law 1-41 (2017); Chinese language version to be published 17 Beijing Politics and Law Review — (forthcoming).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sovereign Wealth Funds, Capacity Building, Development, and Governance<\/em>, 52(4) Wake Forest Law Review 735-780 (2017). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Human Rights Obligations of State-Owned Enterprises: Emerging Conceptual Structures and Principles in National and International Law and Policy<\/em>, 50(4) Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 827-888 (2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Corporate Social Responsibilities of Financial Institutions for the Conduct of their Borrowers: The View from International Law and Standards<\/em>, 21 Lewis & Clark Law Review 881-920 (2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u96c6\u4f53\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u8bc4\u300a\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6148\u5584\u6cd5\u300b\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u975e\u8425\u5229\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c19\u5377\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u51fa\u7248\u793e2017\u5e74\u7248\uff0c\u7b2c35\u201459\u9875” [Commentary on the New Charity Undertakings Law: Socialist Modernization Through Collective Organizations<\/em>, 19 China Nonprofit Review”, 35-59 (Beijing, China: Social Science Literature Publishing House 2017)]. English language version published as Commentary on the New Charity Undertakings Law: Socialist Modernization Through Collective Organizations<\/em>, 9(2) The China Nonprofit Review 273-309 (2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shaping a Global Law for Business Enterprises: Framing Principles and the Promise of a Comprehensive Treaty on Business and Human Rights<\/em>, 42 (2) North Carolina Journal of International Law 417-504 (2016).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A Lex Mercatoria for Corporate Social Responsibility Codes without the State?: A Critique of Legalization Within the State Under the Premises of Globalization<\/em>, 24(1) Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 115-146 (2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Emerging Normative Structures of Transnational Law: Non-State Enterprises in Polycentric Asymmetric Global Orders,<\/em> 31(1) Brigham Young University Journal of Public Law 1-52 (2016).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Central Planning Versus Markets Marxism: Their Differences and Consequences for the International Ordering of State, Law, Politics, and Economy<\/em>, 32(1) Connecticut Journal of International Law 1-47 (2016).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Are Supply Chains Transnational Legal Orders?: What We Can Learn From the Rana Plaza Factory Building Collapse<\/em>, 1(1) University of California Irvine Journal of International, Transnational, and Comparative Law 11-66 (2016).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fractured Territories and Abstracted Terrains: The Problem of Representation and Human Rights Governance Regimes Within and Beyond the State<\/em>, 23(1) Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 61-94  (2016).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Corporate Social Responsibility in Weak Governance Zones<\/em>, 14(1) Santa Clara Journal of International Law 297-332 (2016).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Regulating Multinational Corporations \u2014 Trends, Challenges and Opportunities<\/em>, 22(1) Brown Journal of World Affairs 153-173 (Fall\/Winter 2015).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Cuban Communist Party at the Center of Political and Economic Reform: Current Status and Future Reform<\/em>, 8 Northwestern Interdisciplinary Law Review 71-129 (2015).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Moving Forward The U.N. Guiding Principles For Business And Human Rights: Between Enterprise Social Norm, State Domestic Legal Orders, and the Treaty Law that Might Bind them All, <\/em>38(2) Fordham International Law Journal 457-542 (2015).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

International Financial Institutions (IFIs) and Sovereign Wealth Funds\u2014SWFs as Instruments to Combat Corruption and Enhance Fiscal Discipline in Developing States<\/em>, International Review of Law 2015:swf.5; http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.5339\/irl.2015.swf.5<\/a>  (Qatar University).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Crafting a Theory of Socialist Democracy for China in the 21st<\/sup> Century: Considering Hu Angang\u2019s Theory of Collective Presidency in the Context of the Emerging Chinese Constitutional State<\/em>, 16(1) Asian-Pacific Law and Policy Journal 29-82 (2014). Chinese language version\u4e3a21\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u6c11\u4e3b\u7406\u8bba\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u56fd\u5bb6\u5174\u8d77\u8bed\u5883\u4e0b\u5bf9\u80e1\u978d\u94a2\u201c\u96c6\u4f53\u9886\u5bfc\u5236\u201d\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u601d\u8003\uff0c Tsinghua University Journal (forthcoming 2015).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Crisis of Secular Liberalism and the Constitutional State in Comparative Perspective: Religion, Rule of Law, and Democratic Organization of Religion Privileging States<\/em>, 48 Cornell International Law Journal 51-104 (2015). Available http:\/\/www.lawschool.cornell.edu\/research\/ILJ\/upload\/Backer-final.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Emerging Structures of Socialist Constitutionalism With Chinese Characteristics: Extra-Judicial Detention (Laojiao and Shuanggui) and the Chinese Constitutional Order<\/em>, Pacific Rim Law & Policy Journal 23(2):251-341 (2014) (With Keren Wang). Chinese language version\u767d \u8f72 \u738b\u53ef\u4efb \u8457 ,  \u4f9d\u5baa\u6cbb\u56fd\u4e0e\u4ece\u4e25\u6cbb\u515a\u683c\u5c40\u4e0b\u515a\u5185\u53cd\u8150\u60e9\u6212\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6cd5\u6cbb\u8003\u5bdf , \u4e2d\u56fd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8bc4\u8bba <\/a> China Law Review 207-234 (2015 \u5e74\u7b2c 4 \u671f(\u603b\u7b2c 8 \u671f)) (available http:\/\/www.chinalawreview.com.cn\/article\/20151117170703.html)<\/a>.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Towards a Robust Theory of the Chinese Constitutional State: Between Formalism and Legitimacy in Jiang Shigong\u2019s Constitutionalism. <\/em>40(2) Modern China 168-195 (2014). Available http:\/\/mcx.sagepub.com\/content\/early\/2013\/12\/15\/0097700413511315.abstract?rss=1<\/a>. Chinese version published as “\u521b\u5efa\u53d1\u5c55\u4e00\u5957\u5065\u5168\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u7406\u8bba—\u5f3a\u4e16\u529f\u6709\u5173\u4e2d\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0” Open Times 2nd<\/sup> Issue 2014 pp. 37-56.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jiang Shigong <\/em>\u5f3a\u4e16\u529f<\/em> on “Written and Unwritten Constitutions” and Its Relevance to Chinese Constitutionalism\/<\/em>\u5f3a\u4e16\u529f\u5bf9\u201c\u4e0d\u6210\u6587\u5baa\u6cd5\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u5baa\u653f\u79e9\u5e8f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/em> 40(2) Modern China 119-132 (2014). Available http:\/\/mcx.sagepub.com\/content\/early\/2013\/12\/15\/0097700413511316.abstract<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sovereign Investing and Markets-Based Transnational Rule of Law Building: The Norwegian Sovereign Wealth Fund in Global Markets<\/em>, 29(1) American University International Law Review 1-121 (2013).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Trans-Pacific Partnership: Japan, China, the U.S. and the Emerging Shape of a New World Trade Regulatory Order<\/em>, 13(1) Washington University Global Studies Law Review 49-81 (2014).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Realizing Socio-Economic Rights Under Emerging Global Regulatory Frameworks: The Potential Impact of Privatization and the Role of Companies in China and India<\/em>, 45(4) The George Washington International Law Review 615-680 (2013).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beyond Colonization\u2014Globalization and the Establishment of Programs of U.S. Legal Education Abroad by Indigenous Institutions<\/em>, 6 Drexel Law Review 317-370 (2013) (with Bret Stancil).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Cooperative as Proletarian Corporation: Property Rights Between Corporation, Cooperatives And Globalization In Cuba” <\/em>in 33 Northwestern Journal of International Law and Business 527-618 (2013).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Transnational Corporations\u2019 Outward Expression of Inward Self-Constitution: The Enforcement of Human Rights by Apple, Inc.<\/em>, 20(2) Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 805-879  (2013).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Transparency Between Norm, Technique and Property in International Law and Governance\u2014The Example of Corporate Disclosure Regimes and Environmental Impacts<\/em>, 22 Minnesota Journal of International Law 1-70 (2013).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u4e2d\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u521b\u9020\u51fa\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4f53\u5236\u201d (CCP Created the World’s Most Dynamic Development System”, interview with Zhao Yining, \u51b3\u7b56\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\uff08Decision and Information\uff09, 2012 Vol.12, December 2012, ISSN 1002-8129.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Structural Characteristics of Global Law for the 21st Century: Fracture, Fluidity, Permeability, and Polycentricity, <\/em>17(2) Tilburg Law Review 177-199 (2012) republished in Reflections on Global Law (Shavana Musa and Eefje de Volder, eds., Leiden\/Boston: Brill, 2013)  pp. 45-67 ISBN 978-90-04-26039-9 (hrdbk); 978-90-04-26095-5 (e-bk).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Party, People, Government, and State: On Constitutional Values and the Legitimacy of the Chinese State-Party Rule of Law System, <\/em>30(1) Boston University International Law Journal 331-408 (2012).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From Institutional Misalignments to Socially Sustainable Governance:  The Guiding Principles for the Implementation of the United Nation<\/em>\u2019<\/em>s <\/em>\u201c<\/em>Protect, Respect and Remedy<\/em>\u201d<\/em> and the Construction of Inter-Systemic Global Governance<\/em>, 25(1) Pacific McGeorge Global Business & Development Law Journal 69-171 (2012).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Global Law Schools on U.S. Models:  Emerging Models of Consensus-Based Internationalization or Markets-Based Americanization Models of Global Legal Education<\/em>, 2 Revista de Educaci\u00f3n y Derecho\/Education and Law Review (Espa\u00f1a) 4:1-53 (April-Sept. 2011) (with Bret Stancil).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Private Actors and Public Governance Beyond the State:  The Multinational Corporation, the Financial Stability Board and the Global Governance Order<\/em>, 18(2) Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 751-802 (2011).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On the Evolution of the United Nations\u2019 \u201cProtect, Respect, and Remedy\u201d Human Rights Project: The State, the Corporation, and Human Rights in a Global Governance Context,<\/em> 9(1) Santa Clara J. Int\u2019l Law 37-80 (2011).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Values Economics And Theology: The Contribution Of Catholic Social Thought And Its Implications For Legal Regulatory Systems<\/em>, 5(2) Economics, Management, and Financial Markets 17-56 (2010).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Symposium Issue: A Constitutional Court for China Within the Chinese Communist Party?: Scientific Development and a Reconsideration of the Institutional Role of the CCP<\/em>, 43(3) Suffolk Law Review 593-624 (2010).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cuba And The Construction Of Alternative Global Trade Systems: ALBA And Free Trade In The Americas<\/em>, 31(3) University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Law 679-752 (2010) (with Augusto Molina Roman).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sovereign Wealth Funds as Regulatory Chameleons: The Norwegian Sovereign Wealth Funds and Public Global Governance Through Private Global Investment<\/em>, 41(2) Georgetown Journal of International Law 425-500 (2010).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sovereign Investing in Times of Crisis: Global Regulation of Sovereign Wealth Funds, State Owned Enterprises and the Chinese Experience<\/em>, 19(1) Transnational Law & Contemporary Problems 3-144 (2010).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Case Note: Rights And Accountability In Development (Raid) V Das Air (21\u2028July 2008) And Global Witness V Afrimex (28 August 2008); Small Steps Toward an Autonomous Transnational Legal System for the Regulation of Multinational Corporations<\/em>, 10(1) Melbourne Journal of International Law 258-307 (2009).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From Constitution to Constitutionalism: A Global Framework for Legitimate Public Power Systems<\/em>, 113(3) Penn State Law Review 671-732 (2009).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theocratic Constitutionalism:  An Introduction to a New Legal Global Ordering<\/em>, 16(1) Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 85-172 (2009).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cuba and the Development of Odious Debt Doctrine in an Age of Financial Crisis<\/em>, 6 Transnational Dispute Management Journal 1 (Jan. 2009) (http:\/\/www.transnational-dispute-management.com\/article.asp?key=1311<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Private Law of Public Law:  Public Authorities As Shareholders, Golden Shares, Sovereign Wealth Funds, And The Public Law Element In Private Choice of Law<\/em>, 82(5) Tulane Law Review 1801-1868 (2008).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From Moral Obligation to International Law: Disclosure Systems, Markets and the Regulation of Multinational Corporations<\/em>, 39 Georgetown Journal of International Law 591-653 (2008).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From Hatuey to Che: Indigenous Cuba Without Indians and the U.N. Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples<\/em>, 33(1) American Indian Law Review 201-238 (2008-2009).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

LatCrit Symposium, Gendering the President Male: Executive Authority Beyond Rule of Law Constitutionalism in the American Context,<\/em> 3(2) Florida International University Law Review 341-367 (2008).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Symposium:  Law and the State in the Transnational Legal Order: Reifying Law:  Understanding Law Beyond the State<\/em>, 26(3) Penn State International Law Review 521-563 (2008).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

God(s) Over Constitutions: International and Religious Transnational Constitutionalism in the 21st<\/sup> Century<\/em>, 27 Mississippi College Law Review 11-65 (2008).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Multinational Corporations as Objects and Sources of Transnational Regulation<\/em>, 14 ILSA Journal Of International & Comparative Law 499-523 (2008). Reprinted in Comparative Law Methodology 2 Vols (Maurice Adams, Jaakko Husa, Marieke Oderkerk, eds.; Edward Elgar, forthcoming 2017). <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Global Panopticism:  Surveillance Lawmaking by Corporations, States, and Other Entities,<\/em> 15(1) Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies 101-148 (2008).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Monitor and Manage:  MiFID and Power in the Regulation of EU Financial Markets<\/em>,  27 Yearbook of European Law 349-386 (Oxford U. Press, 2008); reprinted in MiFID:  A Competitive Landscape (Hyderabad, India: ICFAI University Press  (http:\/\/www.iupindia.org\/default.asp<\/a> ), 2008).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odious Debt Wears Two Faces: Systemic Illegitimacy, Problems and Opportunities in Traditional Odious Debt Conceptions in Globalized Economic Regimes<\/em>, 70 Duke Journal of Law & Contemporary Problems 1-46 (2007).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Economic Globalization and the Rise of Efficient Systems of Global Private Law Making:  Wal-Mart as Global Legislator, 39(4) University of  Connecticut Law Review 1739-1784 (2007).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Rule of Law, The Chinese Communist Party, and Ideological Campaigns:  Sange Daibiao (the \u201cThree Represents\u201d), Socialist Rule of Law, and Modern Chinese Constitutionalism<\/em>, 16(1) Transnational Law & Contemporary Problems 29-102 (2006).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ideologies of Globalization and Sovereign Debt:  Cuba and the IMF<\/em>, 24 Penn State International Law Review 497-561 (2006).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Multinational Corporations, Transnational Law: The United Nation\u2019s Norms on the Responsibilities of Transnational Corporations as a Harbinger of Corporate Social Responsibility as International Law<\/em>, 37 Columbia Human Rights Law Review 287-389 (2006).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Autonomous Global Corporation: On the Role of Organizational Law Beyond Asset Partitioning and Legal Personality<\/em>, 41(4) Tulsa Law Journal 541-571 (2006).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Economic Globalization Ascendant:  Four Perspectives on the Emerging Ideology of the State in the New Global Order<\/em>, 17(1) Berkeley La Raza Law Journal 141-168 (2006).  Published as Globaliza\u00e7\u00e3o Econ\u00f4mica e Crise do Estado: um estudo em quatro perspectives<\/em>, Sequencia No. 51: 255-276 (December 2005).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Director Independence and the Duty of Care:  Race, Gender, Class and the Disney-Ovitz Litigation<\/em>, 79 St. John\u2019s Law Review 1011-1103 (2005).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emasculated Men, Effeminate Law in the United States, Zimbabwe and Malaysia<\/em>, 17 Yale Journal of Law & Feminism 1-63 (2005).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Surveillance and Control: Internal, External and Governmental Monitoring of Corporate Insiders After Sarbanes-Oxley<\/em>, 2004(2) Michigan State Law Review 327-440.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Duty to Monitor: Emerging Obligations of Outside Lawyers and Auditors to Detect and Report Corporate Wrongdoing Beyond the Federal Securities Laws<\/em>, 77(4) St. John\u2019s Law Review  919-1018 (2003), reprinted 53(4) Defense L.J. 671 (2004).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cuban Corporate Governance at the Crossroads: Cuban Marxism, Private Economic Collectives, and Free Market Globalism<\/em>, 14:2 Transnational Law & Contemporary Problems 337-418 (2004).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Retaining Judicial Authority: A Preliminary Inquiry on the Dominion of Judges,<\/em> 12(1) William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal 117-178 (2003).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Using Law Against Itself: Bush v. Gore Applied in the Courts<\/em>, 55(4) Rutgers Law Review  1109-1174 (2003).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The F\u00fchrer Principle of International Law: Individual Responsibility and Collective Punishment<\/em>, 21(3) Penn State International Law Review 509-567 (2003).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Euro and the European Demos: A Reconstitution<\/em>, 21 Year Book of European Law (England) 13-61 (2002).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Defining, Measuring and Judging Scholarly Productivity: Working Toward a Rigorous and Flexible Approach<\/em>, 52(3) Journal of Legal Education 317-341 (2002).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Race, \u201cThe Race,\u201d and the Republic: Reconceiving Judicial Authority After<\/em> Bush v. Gore, 51(4) Catholic University Law Review 1057-1113 (2002).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act: Federalizing Norms for Officers, Lawyer and Accountant Behavior<\/em>, 76(4) St. John\u2019s Law Review  897-951 (2002).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Human Rights and Legal Education in the Western Hemisphere: Legal Parochialism and Hollow Universalism<\/em>, 21(1) Penn State International Law Review 115-155 (2002).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Religion and the Discursive Language of Same Sex Marriage<\/em>, 30(2) Capital University Law Review 221-278 (2002).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

General Principles of Academic Specialization By Means of Certificate or Concentration Programs: Creating a Certificate Program in International, Comparative and Foreign Law at Penn State<\/em>, 20 Penn. State International Law Review 67 (2001).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Extra-National State: American Confederate Federalism and the European Union<\/em>, 7 Columbia Journal of European Law 173 (2001).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inscribing Judicial Preferences into Our Basic Law: The Political Jurisprudence of European Margins of Appreciation As Constitutional Jurisprudence in the U.S<\/em>., 7 Tulsa Comparative & International Law Journal 327-373 (2000).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Measuring the Penetration of Outsider Scholarship in the Courts: Indifference, Hostility, Engagement<\/em>, 33 U.C. Davis Law Review 1173 -1226 (2000).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chroniclers in the Field of Cultural Production: Interpretive Conversations Between Courts and Culture<\/em>, 20 Boston College Third World Law Journal 291-343 (2000).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Disciplining Judicial Interpretation of Fundamental Rights: First Amendment Decadence in<\/em> Southworth and <\/em>Boy Scouts of America and European Alternatives<\/em>, 36 Tulsa Law Journal 117-151 (2000).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some Thoughts on The American Declaration of Independence and the Irish Easter Proclamation<\/em>, 8 Tulsa Journal of Comparative & International Law 87 (2000).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Altheimer Symposium on Racial Equity in the 21st<\/sup> Century: Culturally Significant Speech: Law, Courts, Society and Racial Equity<\/em>, 21 University of Arkansas Little Rock Law Journal 845-879 (1999).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toleration, Suppression and the Public\/Private Divide: Homosexuals Through Military Eyes,<\/em> 34 Tulsa Law Journal 537-554 (1999).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Forging Federal Systems Within a Matrix of Contained Conflict: The Example of the European Union<\/em>, Harvard Jean Monnet Working Paper, No. 4\/98 (1998); 12 Emory International Law Review 1331-1394 (1998).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Not a Zookeeper\u2019s Culture: LatCrit Theory and the Search for Latino\/a Authenticity in the U.S.<\/em>, 4 Texas Hispanic Journal of Law & Policy 7-27 (1998).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tweaking Facts, Speaking Judgment: Judicial Transmogrification of Case Narrative as Jurisprudence in the United States and Britain,<\/em> 6 Southern California Interdisciplinary Law Journal 611-662 (1998).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Religion as Object and the Grammar of Law<\/em>, 81 Marquette  Law Review 229-254 (1998).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A Cobbler\u2019s Court, A Practitioner\u2019s Court: The Rehnquist Court Finds its \u2018Groove\u2019<\/em>, 34 Tulsa Law Journal 347-365 (1998\/99).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los fingidos y vagabundos: On the Origins of Personal Responsibility and the Welfare State In Early Modern Spain and Its Implications for Welfare Reform in the United States<\/em>, 3 Loyola Poverty Law Journal 1-55 (1997).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Narrative and Jurisprudence in State Courts: The Example of Constitutional Challenges to Sex Conduct Regulation<\/em>, 60 Albany Law Review 1633-1671 (1997) (Annual State Constitutional Law Commentary Issue).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fairness as a General Principle of American Constitutional Law: Applying Extra-Constitutional Principles to Constitutional cases in<\/em> Hendricks and<\/em> M.L.B., 33 Tulsa Law Journal 135-162 (1997).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Harmonization, Subsidiarity and Cultural Differences: An Essay on the Dynamics of Opposition Within Federative and International Legal Systems<\/em>, 4 Tulsa Journal of Comparative & International Law 185-217 (1997).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reading Entrails: Romer, VMI and the Art of Divining Equal Protection<\/em>, 32 Tulsa Law Journal 361-388 (1997).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pitied But Not Entitled\u2019: The Normative Limitations of Scholarship Advocating Change<\/em>, 19 Western New England Law Review 59-66 (1997).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inventing a \u2018Homosexual\u2019 for Constitutional Theory: Sodomy Narrative and Antipathy in U.S. and British Courts,<\/em> 71 Tulane Law Review 529-596 (1996).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By Hook or By Crook: The Drive to Conformity and Assimilation in Liberal and Conservative Poor Relief Theory<\/em>, 7 Hastings Women\u2019s Law Journal 391-440 (1996).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Poor Relief, Welfare Paralysis and Assimilation,<\/em> 1996 Utah Law Review 1-49.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Incarnate Word, that Old Rugged Cross and the State: On the Supreme Court\u2019s October 1994 Term Establishment Clause Cases and the Persistence of Comic Absurdity as Jurisprudence<\/em>, 31 Tulsa Law Journal 447-471 (1996).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Welfare Reform at the Limit: An Essay on the Futility of \u2018Ending Welfare as We Know It,\u2019<\/em> 30 Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review 339-405 (1995).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Medieval Poor Law in Twentieth Century America: Looking Back Towards a General Theory of Modern American Poor Relief<\/em>, 44 Case Western Reserve Law Review 871-1041 (1995).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Exposing the Perversions of Toleration: The Decriminalization of Private Sexual Conduct, the Model Penal Code, and the Oxymoron of Liberal Toleration<\/em>, 45 University of Florida Law Review 755-802 (1993).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Raping Sodomy and Sodomizing Rape: A Morality Tale About the Transformation of Modern Sodomy Jurisprudence<\/em>, 21 American Journal of Criminal Law 37-125 (1993).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Of Handouts and Worthless Promises: Understanding the Conceptual Limitations of American Systems of Poor Relief<\/em>, 34 Boston College Law Review 997-1085 (1993).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Civil Wars: Stays of Execution, Appellate Sanctions and the Nature of Consensus on the Utility of Appellate Review<\/em>, 29 Tulsa Law Journal 65-157 (1993).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Back to Larry Cat\u00e1 Backer CV Page<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Publications: Journal Articles Cuba and the Constitution of a Stable State of Misery: Ideology, Economic Policy, and Popular Discipline, Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs 13(2):1-84 (2025). Access HERE. Law and Social Credit in China: An Introduction, The China Review: An Interdisciplinary Journal on Greater China, 24(3): 1-15 (Special Issue, 2024). The Imaginaries … <\/p>\n

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